Customers that transact Orders to you via an EDI X12 850 often need
you to send certain, customer specific, fields back to them on
subsequent documents. This is often a requirement at both the header and
item levels of the order. A common example of a header field would be
the department number. It makes sense for the customer to have the
department number returned on subsequent documents but we don't have any
use for that number in our SAP system other than to store the details
and pass it to subsequent documents.
In this example I am
going to use the Internal Vendor number as my example at the header
level and Customer's PO item number as my example at the item level.
Note: Best practice is to map the Customer PO number to the "Purchase Order Item" field as shown in the diagram below.
Understanding the Overall Design
Any
data that your customer want to be returned to them in subsequent EDI
documents, that you don't have a use for, will be passed in and out of
sales order header and item text accordingly. You will need to configure
an "EDI Technical Text" for the sales order header and line as well as
for the billing document header and line. You will then use text copy
control (shown in the diagram below) to copy the text from the sales
order on to the billing document. This text will then automatically
appear in the corresponding INVOIC IDoc and thus available at mapping
time.
The decision tree for customer required fields is as follows:
- Is there a standard place for this in SAP
- IF "YES" then map it there
- IF "NO" then
- Do you require this data for your own process?
- IF "YES" then create and map to ZFIELD (custom append to VBAK, VBAP)
- IF "NO" then map to text field described in this paper
STEP 1: Understanding the 850 message
The ANSI X12 850 from the customer has the following 2 segments:REF*IA*115~…PO1*20*5*EA*7.00**KB*17*VA*3234~
The
REF segment is qualified by the 1st field (REF01) as "IA" which implies
that the customer's internal vendor number for us is "115". The
customer would like for this number to be returned on the REF segment in
the associated 810 Invoice. We can achieve this by updating the
external reference field for this customer in master data, but for the
purposes of this paper we will map it in and out of text.
The PO1
segment indicates that the customer's PO item number is "20". Once again
the customer requires us to pass back this number in subsequent EDI
transactions. For the purposes of this paper we will map it in and out
of text.
STEP 2: Mapping the 850 to the ORDERS IDoc
I have used Gentran Server NT's mapping tool to demonstrate what I am doing here.Header Mapping
Referring
to the diagram below you can see that when I am mapping the REF segment
I am looking at the first field (the qualifying field for the segment).
If I find the value to be "IA" then I know that I am dealing with the
Internal Vendor number so I need to map field REF02 to my EDI technical
text with the prefix of "Internal Vendor:" (stored in temporary element
REF_IA). The prefix is important because we will be looking for this
text exactly as is when we map the outbound INVOIC IDoc to the 810 in
STEP 7. Element REF_IA is mapped to TDLINE in the E1EDKT2 segment.
Item Mapping
Referring
to the diagram below you can see
that I am mapping the PO1 segment element 1 (Item number of the
customer) to my EDI technical text for the item, with the prefix of
"PO101:". The prefix is important
because we will be looking for this text exactly as is when we map the
outbound INVOIC IDoc to the 810 in STEP 7.
STEP 3: The ORDERS IDoc
The resulting ORDERS IDoc Header text segment looks like this:
And the resulting ORDERS IDoc item text segment looks like this:
And the resulting Sales Order EDI Technical Item text looks like this:
STEP 5: Create the Invoice / Billing Document
Now
it's time to create the subsequent document for the sales order, namely
the billing document. Because of the Text copy control from the sales
order to the invoice we now have the following text on the billing
document at the header level:
And the following text on the Invoice / Billing Document item level:
STEP 6: The INVOIC IDoc
The
creation of the INVOIC IDoc is typically triggered through output
determination. Once the INVOIC IDoc for the invoice has been created the
EDI Technical text for the header looks like this:
And the item text looks like this:
STEP 7: Mapping the INVOIC IDoc to the 810
Header Text Mapping
IF E1EDKT2-TDLINE(16) = “Internal Vendor:” then map the following:REF01 = “IA”;
REF02 = E1EDKT2-TDLINE+17(20); "Starting at position 17 read for 20 chars
Item Text Mapping
IF E1EDPT2-TDLINE(6) = “PO101:” then map the following:IT101 = E1EDPT2-TDLINE+7(10); "Starting at position 7 read for 10 chars
STEP 8: Reviewing the 810 message
The resulting ANSI X12 810 message now has the data that was sent in via the 850 in STEP 1.REF*IA*115~…IT1*20*5*EA*7.99*VA*3234~Advantages of doing it this way?
With
this technique you can do this for any fields that the customers needs
back for any outbound EDI message to them that come from SAP and linked
to the Sales Order document flow. I.e. The requirement for an ASN 856
can be met the same way. Advantages of this approach include:
- No custom fields required to store the data
- No custom code required to implement the solution
- Once the config of the EDI Technical text types are in place any further changes needed can be completely handled by the EDI mapping team. This is desirable because it really is a pure EDI requirement to return a value to the customer that we actually have no interest in
Other considerations
- Since the EDI technical text is really only utilized by the EDI mapping team and really should not be seen or at least changed by anyone, consider implementing some change control or authorizations in order to ensure the integrity of the text is maintained (i.e. it is not changed)
- You cannot allow for the manual creation of line items on EDI orders as they will not contain the EDI text - It is bad practice to allow for the creation of line items on EDI orders so refrain from that practice.
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